Fabric Finishing - Fluffing Effect
1. Sanding, sanding. The process of using a sanding roller (or belt) to grind a layer of short and dense fluff on the surface of the fabric is called sanding, also known as sanding. Sanding finishing can make the warp and weft yarns produce fluff at the same time, and the fluff is short and dense.
2. Fluffing. Raising is the process of picking up the fibers on the surface of the fabric with dense needles or thorns to form a layer of fluff, also known as brushed finishing. Raising is mainly used for woolen fabrics, acrylic fabrics and cotton fabrics. The pile layer increases the warmth retention of the fabric, improves the appearance and makes it soft to the touch.
3. Milling. Fleeting finishing is the process of using the felting property of wool to make the wool fabric compact and thick and form fluff on the surface, also known as shrinking. Milling improves the feel and appearance of the fabric and increases its warmth retention. Milling is especially suitable for woolen fabrics.
4. Anti-felting finish. During the washing process of wool fabric, due to the difference in the positive and negative friction coefficients of the wool fiber surface scale layer, the wool will experience shrinkage, causing the fabric area to shrink and produce fluff, which will seriously even affect the wearing performance of the fabric. The reason for wool fabric felting It is mainly caused by the directional friction effect caused by the wool scale layer structure and the curl and elasticity of the wool.
Theoretically, there are three wool shrink-proof finishing methods: one is to destroy the wool scale layer; the other is to deposit resin on the surface of the fiber; the third is to use a cross-linking agent to establish stable cross-linking bonds between wool horny molecules, so that the wool is not easy to be pulled stretch. Therefore, the main method to prevent felt shrinkage is to destroy the scale layer and coat the surface of the fabric with resin.
5. Shearing. Shearing is the process of using a shearing machine to cut off unwanted hair on the surface of the fabric. Its purpose is to make the texture of the fabric clear and the surface smooth, or to make the fluff or suede of the raised and piled fabric neat. Generally, products such as wool, velvet, artificial fur, and carpets need to be sheared.
6. Eating hair. That is, bio-polishing, that is, using biological enzymes to treat the surface of the fabric to achieve the purpose of improving the smoothness of the cloth surface, improving the anti-pilling performance of the fabric, and comprehensively improving the quality of the garment. The treated fabric feels smooth and not easy to pill.
7. Singeing. Pass the fabric quickly through the flame or rub against the red-hot metal surface in an open width. The fluff on the cloth surface will heat up quickly and burn, but the cloth body is relatively tight and the temperature rises slowly. Before reaching the ignition point, it has left Flames or metal surfaces, so as to achieve the purpose of burning off the fluff without damaging the fabric.